SUDAN AN INGLISH COLONY.

On the 24th of November 1899 the Sudan under the British Impire,

Guerra Mahdist: Assedio di Khartum
Con Kennedy Hickman, About.com Guid
Assedio di Khartum - Conflitto & Date:
L'assedio di Khartoum è durata dal 13 marzo 1884 al 26 gennaio 1885, e ha avuto luogo durante la Guerra Mahdist (1881-1899).
Eserciti e comandanti
British & egiziani
• il generale Charles Gordon
• 7.000 uomini, 9 cannoniere
Mahdisti
• Muhammad Ahmad
• ca. 50.000 uomini
Assedio di Khartum - Background:
Sulla scia del 1882 guerra anglo-egiziano, le truppe britanniche sono rimasti in Egitto per proteggere gli interessi britannici. Anche se occupa il paese, hanno permesso il Khedive di continuare supervisione degli affari interni. Ciò ha incluso trattare con la Rivolta Mahdist che aveva iniziato in Sudan. Anche se tecnicamente sotto il governo egiziano, gran parte del Sudan era sceso a forze Mahdist guidati da Muhammad Ahmad. Ritenendosi il Mahdi (il redentore dell'Islam), Ahmad sconfitto le forze egiziane a El Obeid, nel novembre 1883 ed invase Kordofan e del Darfur. Questa sconfitta e il deterioramento della situazione ha portato a Sudan in discussione in Parlamento. Valutare il problema e che desiderano evitare il costo di intervento, il primo ministro William Gladstone e il suo gabinetto non erano disposti a impegnare le forze per il conflitto.
Di conseguenza, il loro rappresentante al Cairo, Sir Evelyn Baring, ha diretto il Khedive di ordinare le guarnigioni in Sudan per evacuare di nuovo in Egitto. Per sorvegliare l'operazione, Londra ha chiesto che il generale Charles "Cinese" Gordon essere collocato in comando. Un ufficiale veterano ed ex governatore generale del Sudan, Gordon aveva familiarità con la regione e dei suoi popoli. Lasciando agli inizi 1884, è stato anche affidato il compito di riferire sul modo migliore per estrarre gli egiziani dal conflitto. Arrivando al Cairo, è stato nuovamente nominato governatore generale del Sudan, con pieni poteri esecutivi. Navigando sul Nilo, è arrivato a Khartoum il 18 febbraio. Dirigere le sue forze limitate contro i Mahdisti avanzanti, Gordon ha iniziato l'evacuazione di donne e bambini a nord verso l'Egitto.
Assedio di Khartum - Gordon scavi:
Anche se Londra desiderava abbandonare il Sudan, Gordon credeva fermamente le Mahdisti necessari per essere sconfitto o potrebbero invaso l'Egitto. Citando una mancanza di barche e trasporti, ha ignorato i suoi ordini di evacuare e ha cominciato ad organizzare una difesa di Khartoum. Nel tentativo di conquistare i residenti della città, ha migliorato il sistema di giustizia e tasse rimessi. Riconoscendo che l'economia di Khartoum riposato il commercio degli schiavi, ha nuovamente legalizzato la schiavitù nonostante l'aveva originariamente abolita durante il suo precedente mandato come governatore generale. Mentre impopolare a casa, questa mossa ha aumentato il sostegno di Gordon in città. Mentre si muoveva in avanti, ha iniziato chiedendo rinforzi per difendere la città. Una prima richiesta di un reggimento di truppe turche è stato negato come era una chiamata più tardi per una forza di musulmani indiani.
Sempre più agitato dalla mancanza di supporto di Gladstone, Gordon ha iniziato l'invio di una serie di telegrammi arrabbiato per Londra. Questi ben presto divenne pubblica e ha portato a un voto di sfiducia contro il governo di Gladstone. Anche se è sopravvissuto, Gladstone sempre rifiutato di diventare impegnata a una guerra in Sudan. Lasciato a se stesso, Gordon ha iniziato potenziamento delle difese di Khartoum. Protetta a nord e ad ovest con il bianco e blu Niles, vide che le fortificazioni e le trincee sono state costruite a sud e ad est. Di fronte al deserto, questi sono stati supportati da mine e barriere di filo. Per difendere i fiumi, Gordon retrofit i battelli in cannoniere che sono stati protetti da lastre di metallo. Tentare una offensiva vicino Halfaya il 16 marzo, le truppe di Gordon vacillato e ha preso 200 vittime. In seguito alla battuta d'arresto, ha concluso che egli dovrebbe rimanere sulla difensiva.
Assedio di Khartum - The Siege Begins:
Più tardi quel mese, le forze Mahdist cominciarono a vicino a Khartoum e scontri iniziati. Con le forze Mahdist chiusura in, Gordon telegrafato a Londra il 19 aprile che aveva fondi per cinque mesi. Egli ha anche chiesto da due a tremila truppe turche come i suoi uomini erano sempre più inaffidabili. Gordon credeva che con una tale forza, avrebbe potuto scacciare il nemico. Come il mese si è conclusa, le tribù a nord scelto di entrare con il Mahdi e tagliare le linee di Gordon di comunicazione verso l'Egitto. Mentre i corridori sono stati in grado di fare il viaggio, il Nilo e il telegrafo sono stati tagliati. Come forze nemiche circondato la città, Gordon ha tentato di convincere il Mahdi a fare la pace, ma senza successo.
Assedio di Khartum - Caduta di Khartoum:
Tenendo la città, Gordon è stato in grado di ricostituire in qualche modo i suoi rifornimenti di razziare con le sue cannoniere. A Londra, la sua situazione è stato giocato fino a mezzo stampa e, infine, Queen Victoria regia Gladstone di inviare aiuti alla guarnigione assediata. Acquiescenza nel luglio 1884 Gladstone ordinò generale Sir Garnet Wolseley per formare una spedizione per il sollievo di Khartoum. Nonostante questo, ci sono voluti una notevole quantità di tempo per organizzare gli uomini e le forniture necessarie. Come la caduta progredito, la posizione di Gordon è diventato sempre più tenue, come rifornimenti diminuì e molti dei suoi ufficiali più capaci sono stati uccisi. Accorciare la sua linea, ha costruito un nuovo muro all'interno della città e la torre da cui osservare il nemico. Anche se le comunicazioni sono rimasti fiacchi, Gordon ha ricevuto parola che una spedizione di soccorso era in viaggio.
Nonostante questa notizia, Gordon molto temuto per la città. Una lettera che è arrivata al Cairo il 14 dicembre ha informato un amico, "Addio. Lei non potrà mai sentire da me. Temo che ci sarà tradimento della guarnigione, e tutto sarà più per Natale." Due giorni dopo, Gordon è stato costretto a distruggere il suo avamposto attraverso il Nilo Bianco a Omdurman. Messo a conoscenza delle preoccupazioni di Gordon, Wolseley ha iniziato premendo sud. Sconfiggere i Mahdisti ad Abu Klea il 17 gennaio 1885, si incontrarono il nemico di nuovo due giorni dopo. Con la forza di soccorso si avvicina, il Mahdi iniziò a progettare di prendere d'assalto Khartoum. In possesso di circa 50.000 uomini, ordinò a una colonna a guadare il Nilo Bianco per attaccare le mura della città, mentre un altro aggredito la Porta Massalamieh.
Andando avanti nella notte del 25-26 gennaio entrambe le colonne sopraffatti rapidamente i difensori esausti. Sciamare per la città, i Mahdisti massacrarono la guarnigione e circa 4.000 dei residenti di Khartoum. Anche se il Mahdi aveva espressamente ordinato che Gordon essere preso in vita, fu colpito nei combattimenti. Conti della sua morte variano con alcuni rapporti che dichiarano di essere ucciso a palazzo del governatore, mentre altri sostengono che gli hanno sparato in strada mentre cercava di sfuggire al consolato austriaco. In entrambi i casi, il corpo di Gordon fu decapitato e portato al Mahdi su una picca

What policy this man wants to impliment.

Lawmakers question effectiveness of Sudan’s foreign policy

November 27, 2013 (KHARTOUM) - The Sudanese foreign minister Ali Karti was grilled on Wednesday by members of the national assembly over the country’s policy in dealing with Arab, regional and international community.

MP Mohamed Sideeg directed explicit criticism at Karti accusing him of failing to normalize relations with the United States and questioned how Karti with his background as ex-head of the paramilitary Popular Defense Forces (PDF) could end up becoming Sudan’s top diplomat.

Sideeg described Karti as someone who moved from a blue collar role to wearing fine suits and ties.

The lawmaker stressed that he has nothing personal against Karti but noted that the US does not have "political amnesia" in reference to the role Karti played as PDF chief during the civil war with the south.

A visibly angry Karti responded by advising Sideeg to submit a memo with his grievances to president Omer Hassan al-Bashir saying that he never sought this post or any other but was picked to fill it.

He also accused certain circles within the government of undermining the work of his ministry and alluded to Sudan’s decision since 2009 of expelling more than a dozen aid agencies in response to the International Criminal Court (ICC) arrest warrant issued for Bashir.

Karti said that it was his view that these humanitarian groups should have been contained and put to optimal use rather than having them ejected from the country thus harming Sudan’s relations with the international community.

The parliament was divided over Sudan’s stance on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict with some saying that Khartoum cannot be passionate about this issue more than the people concerned and pay the price for that.

But the majority of parliamentarians raised their voices with cheers and chants calling for maintaining the pro-Palestinian line and ignoring the tense relations with Washington.

Karti said while the government must stick to its principles including those with regards to the Palestinian issue, they must reach out to Americans and Europeans.

"If the role of the foreign ministry is to scream and weep over adhering to principles and sticking to them any party can do that," he said.

The minister disclosed that around 20 US companies expressed their interest in investing in Sudan during a meeting which took place in Washington that was arranged by the Sudanese embassy there and approved by the Office of Foreign Asset Control (OFAC) which enforces sanctions.

The main obstacle for these companies he said, was how they can wire money to Sudan given the sanctions but they agreed to carry it through a third party.

Sudan has been under the US blacklist of states sponsoring terrorism since 1993 on allegations of harboring Islamist militants despite reports of Sudan being a cooperative intelligence partner of Washington in the "war on terror".

Sudan is also subject to comprehensive economic sanctions since 1997 over terrorism charges as well as human right abuses. Further sanctions, particularly on weapons, have been imposed since the 2003 outbreak of violence in the western Darfur region.

Despite relentless efforts by Khartoum to normlaize ties, Washington kept renewing sanctions though in recent years have slightly eased them on certain sectors including agriculture.

Karti also acknowledged the existence of a border violations from all directions especially Ethiopia and Chad but noted that they are individual incidents and not condoned by these states which requires better coordination with them.

He revealed that work is underway to demarcate the borders with Ethiopia that will include all but three areas.

When asked about the tense relations with Arab Gulf states, Karti asked for a classified session to discuss it saying it will contain "sensitive" information that cannot be shared with the media.

MP Abdullah Masar blasted ties with Iran saying that the latter is "ungenerous" calling for limiting relations with it.

Shiite power Iran sees the pre-dominantly Sunni Gulf as its own backyard and believes it has a legitimate interest in expanding its influence there. Arab Gulf states say that Iran is stoking tensions by inciting Shiite populations in Bahrain.

Saudi Arabia and other Gulf states have privately expressed their unhappiness about Khartoum’s growing relations with Tehran.

Iranian warships, which regularly patrol the Red Sea, docked three times in Port Sudan since last year.

This may explain why the Saudi government for instance has been reluctant to assist Khartoum financially after the secession of the oil-rich south despite pleas by Sudanese officials including president Bashir.

Furthermore, Bashir has not been able to hold bilateral talks with any senior Saudi official since March 2012 despite repeated non-official visits to Riyadh .

Gulf states are among the biggest investors in the country and have funded a large sugar plant and Sudan’s only shopping mall. Diplomats told Reuters last year that Sudan’s central bank has toured the Gulf several times, trying to drum up support for more funding.

(ST)

Tax every body we want to take money outtheft is the sharia of Bashir clan!

ستؤدي الى عزوفهم عن العودة..أمين المغتربين : فرض ضرائب جديدة وخيم العواقب.. هناك تراكمات ضريبية كبيرة جداً.

11-26-2013 05:54 AM

الخرطوم: ابتهاج متوكل
حذر الأمين العام لجهاز شئون المغتربين د.كرار التهامي من مغبة فرض ضرائب جديدة على المغتربين لما تؤديه من عزوف عن العودة للبلاد بسبب وجود تراكمات ضريبية كبيرة جداً وبالتالي فإن إضافة أي إعباء أخرى ستدفع للإحجام عن التحويلات مما يؤثر سلباً على مساهمتها كمورد مهم في دعم الاقتصاد الوطني، نافيا حدوث أي تشاور بين الجهاز ووزارة المالية حول ذلك.
وقال التهامي إن فرض ضرائب جديدة أضرارها أكثر من منافعها، مشددا على عدم وجود دراسة عن المبلغ المرصود لهذه الضريبة، متوقعاً أن تكون عوائدها قليلة ونتائجها (وخيمة).

وأوضح أن التحويلات الرسمية والطوعية المتوقعة للمغتربين تقدر بـ(6) مليارات دولار سنوياً، مقارنة بالمبالغ القليلة المنتظرة من هذه الضريبة، كما سبق للجهاز تقديم مقترحات ممتازة وهنالك لجنة مكونة لدراسة وضع حوافز للمغتربين، مضيفا أن هنالك تعويل على هذا النوع من الاقتصاد عبر إجراء حزمة من الإجراءات المشجعة التي تشمل الفئات كافة من يملك ومن لا يملك منوهاً لضرورة اعتماد سياسة هجرية واضحة المعالم يبادر بها جهاز المغتربين بمشاركة جميع الجهات ذات الصلة، مضيفا أن المغتربين يقومون بدفع رسوم أخرى تسهم حصيلتها في محاربة الفقر بقطاعات واسعة بالمجتمع، كما أن استقطاب قدرات ومشاركة المغتربين في الاقتصاد تكون من خلال سياسات الهجرية المحفزة .

وأشارت ورقة تحويلات المغتربين وأثرها في اقتصادات الدول النامية في الملتقى الاقتصادي الثاني الى أن تدفقات تحويلات المهاجرين للبلاد شهدت زيادة ملحوظة تجاوزت (2) مليار في عام 2010م قبل أن تتراجع الى مليار دولار في عام 2013م ، كما أن العجز في الخطة الإسعافية الثلاثية يقدر بحوالي (3-4) مليارات دولار.

السوداني

والله كلام صحيح يا زعيم٠

سيلفاكير: السودانيون الشماليون دفعونا لإنكار عروبتنا والانفصال

11-23-2013 07:29 AM

رئيس جمهورية جنوب السودان يؤكد أن الجنوبيين كانوا يفضلون أن يبقوا سودانيين لكن ظلم أهل الشمال وتمييزهم فرض عليهم الخروج بدولتهم.


الكويت ـ أكد رئيس جمهورية جنوب السودان سلفاكير ميارديت إن مشكلة السودانيين الجنوبيين لم تكن فقط الانضمام للجامعة العربية وإنما كان يعنيهم أن ينظر اليهم على اساس أنهم مواطنون ويشكلون جزءا من العالم العربي أولا.

وقال سلفاكير إن الميز العنصري والثقافي والنظر إلينا نحن الجنوبيين على أساس أننا لسنا عربا كان أحد الأسباب الرئيسية لمشاكلنا مع نظام الخرطوم والشمال السودان قبل الانفصال.

وأوضح الرئيس الجنوب سوداني في حوار مع صحيفة "الأنباء" الكويتية "كنا نشعر أننا سودانيون وأردنا أن نبقى كذلك، هم (الشماليون) من مارسوا التمييز ضدنا وأشعرونا اننا لسنا عربا ولذلك انفصلنا عنهم".

وأضاف أنه "إذا كانت هناك نية من الجامعة العربية لأن تصبح جنوب السودان عضوا فيها فمن يقرر ذلك هو المجتمع في جمهورية جنوب السودان".

وقال إنه "منذ استقلالنا عام 2011 أكدنا بوضوح لكل دول العالم أنه لا استثناءات لدينا في علاقاتنا مع الجميع.. وأن عددا كبيرا من الدول فتحت سفارات بجنوب السودان والدول العربية ليست استثناء، فقبل الربيع العربي كانت لدينا علاقات مع كل دول شمال أفريقيا مثل الجزائر وتونس وليبيا ومصر".

واعتبر سيلفاكير أن لقاءه مع الرئيس عمر البشير على هامش القمة العربية الإفريقية، كان للحفاظ على أفضل العلاقات بين البلدين كما تمت في هذا اللقاء مناقشة كيفية الاتفاق على الخط الوسط أو الخط الأمنى والمنطقة منزوعة السلاح، وقضية الانتقال الحر للسلع والمواطنين من الجانبين عبر الحدود ووضع العلامات الحدودية وقضية إبيي التي تنتظر تحديد إلى أي جهة تنتمي، وغيرها من الموضوعات التي تهم الطرفين.

وعن تأثير انفصال جنوب السودان بدولته المستقلة على حصة الدول العربية وخاصة مصر من مياه النيل قال رئيس جمهورية جنوب السودان إن "مصر عملاق في المنطقة وهي عضو في الجامعة العربية ومنظمة الوحدة الأفريقية، ولا يمكن إلا أن نكون أصدقاء لها".

وأضاف سيلفاكير أن "المشكلة بين مصر وإثيوبيا ستحل وديا بينهما وليست مشكلتنا.. وأنه بالنسبه لمياه النيل فإن علاقتنا مع إثيوبيا لا تتداخل مع موضوع النيل، لأن هذا النهر لا يمكن اعتراضه".

ولفت إلى أن جنوب السودان لم يستخدم من مياه النيل لترا واحدا إلا في الشرب ولا يستخدمها للزراعة، موضحا أن بلاده لديها ما يكفي من مياه الأمطار اللازمة لعملية الزراعة، بالإضافة لأنهار أخرى وأنهم لن يؤثروا على مياه النيل.

وقال سلفاكير متحدثا عن الوضع في بلاده "إننا نحتاج اليوم لتوفير المستشفيات والمدارس ومياه الشرب الصحية والأمن الغذائي والأمن لبلدنا إلى جانب مشاريع البنية التحتية؛ قبل الانتقال لتنفيذ مشروع العاصمة الجديدة الذي طرحناه مع المسؤولين في جنوب السودان والذي ليست له أولوية في اهتماماتنا الآن.

ميدل ايست أونلاين

FLOGGING A WOMAN FOR WHAT REASONE?

أميرة عثمان ناشطة سودانية تنتظر عقوبة الجلد..القضية تثير نقاشات حادة حول انتهاكات حقوق المرأة

11-21-2013 07:17 AM
احتل اسم المهندسة المدنية، أميرة عثمان، الناشطة في مجال حقوق النساء، عناوين الصحف ومواقع التواصل الاجتماعي في السودان مؤخراً بعد رفضها وضع غطاء على رأسها بناء على طلب مستفز من شرطي في الشارع، بحسب تقرير لقناة "العربية"، الأربعاء.

وتواجه أميرة عقوبة الجلد في حال إدانتها، ومع الحادث عاد الجدل بشأن حقوق المرأة في السودان.

ويمكن إدانة الناشطة قانوناً بمخالفة نص المادة رقم 152 من القانون الجنائي السوداني.

ومن جانبها، اعتبرت والدة أميرة، فوزية الميرغني، أن ما يجري لابنتها إهانة لا تستحقها، وأشارت إلى أن كثيراً من الأسر تضررت من قانون النظام العام، مطالبة بزيادة الوعي بحقوق الإنسان في بلادها.

وعقوبة الجلد شائعة في السودان لكثير من الجرائم بدعوى أنها تطبيق للشريعة، وهو أمر أثار ردات فعل وسط القانونيين خاصة ما يتعلق بلبس المرأة.

ويقول المحامي السوداني، المعز حضرة: "إذا رجعت لكل تاريخ الفقه الإسلامي لا تجد فهماً أو جزئية تتعلق بتحديد اللبس الإسلامي".
وكانت لقطات مصورة نشرت على الإنترنت في السابق لسيدة سودانية تنفذ فيها عقوبة الجلد علنا أثارت عواصف من الاحتجاجات وانتقادات واسعة النطاق وسط الجمعيات الحقوقية في الداخل والخارج.

غير أن السلطات السودانية لم تكترث لردود الفعل حول تلك الواقعة بل إن الرئيس السوداني عمر البشير ذكر صراحة أنهم سيمضون في تنفيذ المزيد من عقوبات الجلد حتى يغيظ أولئك الذين لا تعجبهم الحدود.

العربية

AOU.

Press Statement

The Peace and Security Council of the African Union (AU) fielded a visit to Abyei from 5 to 6 November 2013 to mark its solidarity with the Ngok Dinka and Misseiriya communities, as well as with the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) as part of its effort to promote peace, security and stability in the region.
Council was received by the Governor of South Kordofan, Mr. Adam Elfaki, during its transition in Kadugli on its way to Abyei.

Council expressed gratitude for the warm welcome accorded to it and the facilities made available.
In Abyei Town, on 5 November 2013, the PSC received briefing from the Dinka Ngok  community through their representatives namely, the Paramount Chief of Ngok Dinka, Bulabek Deng Kuol Arop, the Chairperson of the Civil Society Organization, the Representative of South Sudan Political Parties and the Chairperson of Abyei Joint Oversight Committee (AJOC)-South Sudan on the situation prevailing in Abyei, as well as from UNISFA regarding its mission and the current situation in Abyei. On 6 November 2013, Council received briefings from the AJOC-The Sudan and the Misseiriya traditional leaders, as well as from the people of Misseiriya in Diffra.
Council recalled the objectives of its important and historic field visit to Abyei as stated in its communiqué PSC/MIN/COMM.1 (CCCLXXXVII) Rev.1, adopted at its 387th meeting held on 29 July 2013, and expressed satisfaction that the field visit afforded Council the opportunity to obtain first-hand information and understanding of the situation in Abyei. Council acknowledged the enormity of the humanitarian needs, as well as the far reaching challenges facing UNISFA and the Abyei communities.
Council also noted the plight of the local communities and called for urgent development assistance, especially in the fields of health and education, and pledged to do its utmost in seeking assistance for such development.
Council reaffirmed its communiqué PSC/PR/COMM.(CDIII), adopted at its 403rd meeting held on 26 October 2013, through which Council among other things, reiterated its deep concern about the situation prevailing in Abyei, and stressed the need for active and continued African involvement in support of efforts aimed at addressing the challenges at hand. Council reiterated its full acceptance of the proposal submitted by the AU High-Level Implementation Panel (AUHIP), on 21 September 2012, and renewed it appeal to the UN Security Council to urgently support the proposal as the best way forward for the solution in Abyei.
Council underscored the inalienable right of the people of Abyei to self-determination in accordance with the Abyei Protocol contained in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) of 2005. With regard to the decision of the Dinka Ngok community to conduct a unilateral referendum,
Council listened to the expression of deep frustration, anger and concerns, as well as reasons for the action of the Dinka Ngok community and PSC/PR/BR.(CDV) stressed the need for continued efforts to resolve the final status of Abyei within the context of the AUHIP proposal of 21 September 2012.
On 6 November 2013, Council met with the Chairman of AJOC-The Sudan, Mr. Alkhair Alfaeem Almakki, and the members of his Committee and the Misseiriya Paramount Chief and the Community Leaders and people in Diffra before returning to Addis Ababa via Kadugli. Council listened to the expressions of their deep concerns and rejection of the unilateral action of the Dinka Ngok community and reassured them that the PSC had noted their views and would take them into account during their deliberations at their future meetings.
Council underlined that its visit was aimed at helping in the healing process for the Abyei communities and expressed its determination to continue its support to the Dinka Ngok and Misseiriya communities in seeking a lasting solution so that the communities can co-exist peacefully. Council once again called upon all the stakeholders in Abyei not to aggravate the already tense situation on the ground.
Council expressed its gratitude for the warm welcome and hospitality accorded to the members by the authorities and the communities of Ngok Dinka and Misseiriya. Council expressed its deep appreciation to the Government of The Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as well as the UNISFA Force Commander for their tireless support in facilitating its field mission to Abyei.
Council commended the laudable work of UNISFA in maintaining peace, security and stability in the Area despite the daunting challenges it faced in its working environment.

By Press Statement, 13 hours 35 minutes ago

Darfur!!??

Sudan says that Darfur forum does not substitute Doha accord

November 6, 2013 (KHARTOUM) - The Sudanese Justice minister Mohammed Bushara Dousa who chairs the Supreme Mechanism of the Um-Giris forum for the Zaghawa tribe on issues of peace, security and development in Darfur emphasized that the forum is not a substitute to the Doha peace agreement signed in 2011 or any other accord.

Speaking at a press conference today in Khartoum on the outcome of the forum, Dousa said that the forum was an addition to the quest for peace and security in Darfur and the region, pointing that it came in the framework of cooperation between Sudan and Chad to resolve the Darfur conflict.

He defended holding the meeting in Chad and limiting it to Zaghawa tribe saying that the bulk of non-Doha signatories including Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) and Sudan Liberation Movement of Minni Minnawi (SLM-MM) hail from this tribe so they have a role in pushing peace efforts even though he described it as coming later than it should.

Dousa went on to say that the forum aims basically to urge everyone to move toward resolving the conflict as soon as possible, each according to his role whether government or society or individuals, adding that the forum addressed the issue of development and security in the region.

The Sudanese official summarized its recommendations as urging Zaghawa tribe to contribute towards ending the fighting in Darfur, strengthening the armed forces and police on the borders between the two countries, reopening the police stations in the region to play their role in the maintenance of order and security, the establishment of a civil administration guard and contacting movements that did not sign the peace agreement.

The forum appealed to Sudanese President Omer Hassan al-Bashir and Chadian President Idriss Deby to implement signed peace agreements on peace in the region, push forward the process of reconciliation between the tribes, promote peace and religious awareness in the region and the need to repatriate IDPs and refugees after providing them with the necessary services .

Dousa expressed his appreciation and thanks to the Sudanese President Omer Hassan al-Bashir and Idriss Deby for approving and sponsoring the forum.

(ST)